Cooperative Learning

Cooperative learning is an approach to organizing classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences. Students must work in groups to complete the tasks collectively toward academic goals.

Elements of cooperative learning:

a.    Group heterogeneity

b.    Group goals

c.    Promotive interaction

d.   Individual Accountability

e.    Interpersonal skills

f.     Equal opportunities for success

g.    Team competition

Kinds of cooperative learning:

a.    STAD (Student Team Achievement Division)

b.    NHT (Numbered Head Together)

c.    TGT (Team Games Tournament)

d.   Mind mapping

e.    Talking stick

f.     Kepala bernomor berstruktur

g.    Picture & picture

h.    Lingkaran kecil & lingkaran besar

i.      Kartu arisan

Advantages:

·      Questions are more likely to be asked and answered in a group setting

·      Interpersonal and collaboration skills can be learned in cooperative learning activity

·      It has potential to produce a level of engagement that other forms of learning can not.

Disadvantages:

·      One study showed  that in group of mixed ability, low-achieving students become passive and do not focus on the task

·      The goal of scaffolding is for students to become independent without the help others